Assessment of antioxidant activity and phytochemical screening in leaf extract of Andrographis paniculate (Burm. f.) nees

Abstract

Fresh Andrographis paniculata leaves were collected from a local herbal garden, Dehradun and leaves extract was prepared in methanol and ethanol solvent. The free radical scavenging activity of A. paniculata extract against 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radical was determined with UV-vis spectrophotometer. The IC50 value of methanolic and ethanolic extract of the plant in DPPH was 394.81 and 401.46 μg/mL, while in vitamin C was 285.69 μg/mL. However, the IC50 value of the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radical for methanolic extract was higher, 399.52 μg/mL than for ethanolic extract, 412.95 μg/mL. In conclusion, methanolic plant extracts were most potent against 50% inhibition and IC50 value and showed a good correlation with total phenolics content. Phyto-chemical analysis of the plant shows the presence of alkaloids, phenols, amino acids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins. A. paniculata has strong antioxidant potential and contains a range of phytochemicals. Therefore, its effectiveness as a medical plant is due to the presence of various phenolics and antioxidant compounds in the plant.