Impacts and Causes of Female Infertility: An Observational Study

Abstract

Male and female infertility is one of the medical, physiological, and emotional factors among couples willing to have a child. It is defined unable to achieve pregnancy after regular intercourse for 12 months without using any protection (contraceptive pills or condoms). There are many factors that work as a barrier to the couple for a successful conception. These factors could be environmental, lifestyle, past medical history, and emotional. About 15 to 20% of a couple of their reproductive age are currently suffering from this trauma in India only. Not having a child, consider an isolated or cut-off person in society which ultimately affects not only the mental status of the couple as well as sociological effects. This is an observational study in which we counter many demographic and reproductive factors, those work as an obstacle to a successful pregnancy in couples. That couple who are of their reproductive age, visiting an IVF center has a bundle of emotions and stress with them along with new hope to be pregnant. Infertility has been also related to some other factors like physical conditions, environmental conditions, psychological issues, and also acquired risk factors. In females, Menstrual disorders, past medical history, hormonal disorders, overweight/obesity, and many demographic factors, and habits, play a significant role in causing infertility. The average length of the marriage of infertile couples, their duration of infertility, and sterility at the first visit to the infertility clinic has been also considered. The couples who had experienced at least one
of the assisted reproductive techniques such as microinjection, intrauterine infusion (IUI), and in-vitro fertilization (IVF) are included in this study. During this study period, All the infertile women who had diagnostic laparoscopy for primary infertility were included and the female who had less than 12 months of marriage or who had pregnancy at least once were excluded. Different environmental, physiological, and psychological conditions emphasized the need to study the different causes of female and male infertility in each area.