Correlation between ocular surface disease index scores, tear film characteristics, and screen time usage among young adults

Abstract

Purpose: The present study aims to assess and determine the correlation between Ocular Surface Disease Index scores (OSDI) and the level of film parameters among young adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was performed with the study population comprising 81 young adults aged between 18 and 41 years. Participants were evaluated using OSDI questionnaire and further then were underwent comprehensive ocular surface examination, including Schirmer's test (without anaesthesia) and IDRA test including non-invasive tear breakup time (NIBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), MG Loss and Bulbur redness. The data pertaining to the screen time data were collected via structured self-reported questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted via employing regression and correlation analyses and were conducted to assess the underlying associations governing OSDI scores, screen time, and tear film parameters.

Results: From the observed outcomes of the study showcased statistically significant with positive correlation between OSDI scores and screen time (r = 0.61, p < 0.01), indicating a greater severity of ocular surface symptoms with increased duration to screen exposure among the study population. In addition, Schirmer's test values and NIBUT scores were negatively correlated with OSDI scores (r = -0.53 and -0.45, respectively; p < 0.05). TMH indicated with weaker negative correlation (r = -0.28, p = 0.06). Regression analysis from the findings represented with screen time serving as significant predictor for the OSDI scores.

Conclusion: The study findings conclude that with study population who are under prolonged exposure to screen particularly among young adults have an increased susceptibility of ocular surface disease symptoms and deteriorated tear film parameters. The findings ultimately suggested the significance revolving with the need for integration of digital health awareness and preventive ocular care strategies and measures to be imparted among young adult population as a means for mitigating the effects of digital eye strain.