A numerical study of unsteady MHD free convection flow with heat and mass transfer across an inclined porous plate, taking hall current and dufour effects by FDM

Abstract

This current study focuses on time-dependent natural convection magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow as an incompressible, along with viscous flow around an inclined plate immersed within a porous medium, subject to heat absorption and thermal radiation effects. This flow is impacted by chemical reactions, variable temperature, Hall current, and mass diffusion. Equally, the Dufour and Soret effects have been included in the model, which describes the interaction of heat and species diffusion. The basic equations regulating fluid dynamics, namely continuity, momentum, energy, and species concentration, are discretized into numerical representations through the use of the finite difference method, which makes it possible to solve them effectively and systematically. The impact of a number of physical factors, including heat absorption, chemical reaction, Hall current, magnetic field intensity, inclination angle, and thermal radiation on the momentum, diffusion, and temperature gradient profiles is investigated and graphically depicted. EMF interactions cause Hall currents to increase the speed of the flow on the cooled plate while decreasing them on the heated plate. The fluid becomes cooler when a heat source or sink (Q) is present, indicating its cooling effect. By enhancing the internal energy flux, the Dufour factor elevates the fluid’s temperature. A larger Soret factor diminishes concentration by thermal propagation, whereas a bigger Schmidt number suppresses mass dissemination and minimizes concentration.