Identification of Microsatellite DNA for Population Genetic Analysis in Tor tor

Abstract

Microsatellites markers are the most prevalent and adaptable genetic marker with varieties of applications in conservation biology, population genetics and evolutionary biology. These are the arrangements of DNA sequences, consisting of tandemly repeating mono-, di, tri and tetranucleotide units, which are distributed throughout the genomes of most eukaryotic species. Microsatellites are codominant in nature, easily typed, highly polymorphic and Mendelian inherited. These all properties make them very suitable for the study of population structure and pedigree analysis and also capable for detecting differences among closely related species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for microsatellites can be automated for identifying simple sequence repeat polymorphism. Small amount of blood samples or alcohol preserved tissue is adequate for analyzing them. Most of the microsatellites are noncoding, and therefore variations are independent of natural selection, all properties make microsatellites ideal genetic markers for fisheries management and conservation genetics. In this review We aimed at isolating microsattelites suitable to quantify the genetic variability in Tor tor.