Forensic Fraud in Human Body Offences: An Analytical Study of Manipulation of Medical and Scientific Evidence in White-Collar Crimes in India

Abstract

Forensic evidence is essential in contemporary criminal justice systems, especially concerning crimes involving the human body, such as homicide, sexual assault, poisoning, and medical negligence. Nevertheless, in recent years, the manipulation and fabrication of medical and scientific evidence have surfaced as advanced forms of white-collar crime. These actions include the falsification of medical reports, tampering with forensic samples, manipulation of DNA or blood test results, and the creation of fraudulent medical certificates to sway judicial decisions or secure financial gains. In India, numerous cases have illustrated how forensic fraud compromises justice, diminished institutional integrity, and undermined public trust in both healthcare and legal systems. This paper provides a critical analysis of the notion of forensic fraud in connection with crimes impacting the human body and examines how white-collar offenders exploit medical and scientific evidence. It assesses the legal framework that governs forensic evidence in India, identifies systemic obstacles, and suggests reforms aimed at enhancing forensic accountability and integrity.